In a small bowl, combine the zest and sugar, pressing the zest into the sugar with your fingers.
In the bowl of your stand mixer, fitted with the paddle attachment, beat together the cream cheese and lemon sugar on medium until completely smooth, about 90 seconds. Next add in heavy cream, lemon juice, and vanilla and mix for 30 seconds. Scrape down the sides and bottom of the bowl.
Reduce the speed of the mixer to low and add eggs, one at a time, mixing until incorporated.
Add in sour cream, flour, and salt and mix until smooth, about 1 minute.
Using two layers of foil, cover the base of the springform pan so the water will not seep in. Place the covered pan on a sheet pan. Pour the cheesecake filling into the crust and smooth the top.
Place the sheet pan on the oven rack and pour enough water to fill up to an inch around the foil-wrapped cheesecake. Close the oven door and bake for 45 minutes. Turn off the oven and allow the cake to cool for 1 hour with the oven door closed, then for another hour with the door slightly ajar (not completely open). You can use a wooden spoon to hold the door open about an inch. Remove the cake from the oven and let cool at room temperature for an additional 30 minutes, then wrap in plastic wrap and place in the refrigerator overnight before serving.